Il ruolo del corpo nell’apprendimento e nello sviluppo del bambino
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7346/-fei-XXIII-01-25_25Parole chiave:
Attività motoria, Corpo in movimento, Funzioni esecutive, Età prescolare e scolare, InclusioneAbstract
Il corpo e l’esperienza diretta sono alla base dell’apprendimento di ciascuno; è necessario partire da essi per generare conoscenza. L’ambiente scolastico deve essere un luogo accogliente, capace di sostenere e stimolare, in cui l’insegnante ha un ruolo determinante, potendo coinvolgere i bambini attraverso spunti creativi e motivanti. La scuola, ancora oggi, non sempre riserva spazio al movimento, inteso non solo come disciplina didattica da svolgere durante le ore di programmazione, ma come pratica abituale, costante e ripetuta, trasversale e applicabile nella vita quotidiana. La revisione della letteratura, condotta attraverso l’analisi di studi su bambini in età prescolare e scolare, è stata utilizzata per verificare scientificamente i benefici e il supporto che il corpo può offrire, sia nei casi di sviluppo neurotipico che in presenza di disabilità. Questo argomento conferma come le abilità motorie, associate a un movimento appropriato, siano determinanti per miglioramenti a livello cognitivo, fisico, sociale ed emotivo.
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