Projetando Contos de Fadas Didáticos Inclusivos de Gênero: Uma Investigação Empírica de 54 Textos de Contos Originais
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7346/-fei-XXIII-03-25_10Palavras-chave:
Contos de Fadas Didáticos, Inclusividade de Gênero, Estereótipos de Gênero, Ferramenta Voyant, Análise de ConteúdoResumo
Para evitar a transmissão inconsciente de modelos rígidos de papéis masculinos e femininos em suas primeiras abordagens de leitura compartilhada, educadores e professores devem ser providos com os recursos adequados para reconhecer e corrigir preconceitos e estereótipos de gênero, que podem passar despercebidos, apoiados latentes através do "currículo oculto". O melhor cenário é quando um educador ou professor projeta contos para crianças, promovendo contra-narrativas contra a trivialização do que significa ser "masculino" ou "feminino". Através da análise de conteúdo, analisamos os textos de 54 contos de fadas inclusivos originais, referindo-se a uma lista de verificação criada para identificar e filtrar detalhes de gênero, transmitidos através de categorias lexicais (principalmente verbos e adjetivos), para avaliar estatisticamente o nível de estereotipação. Os resultados da pesquisa mostram a importância de integrar a promoção da igualdade de gênero através da cuidadosa seleção, se não a escrita, de narrativas inclusivas em ambientes escolares.
Referências
Ashby, M. S. & Wittmaier, B. C. (1978). Attitude changes in children about exposure to stories about women in traditional and nontraditional occupations. Journal of Educational Psychology, 70(6), 945–949. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.70.6.945
Ashmore, R. D. & Del Boca, F. K. (1979). Sex stereotypes and implicit personality theory: Toward a cognitive-social psychological conceptualization. Sex Roles, 5(2), 219–248. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00287932
Bar-Tal, D. (1989). Delegitimization: The extreme case of stereotyping and prejudice. In D. Bar-Tal, C. Graumann, A. W. Kruglanski, & W. Stroebe (Eds.). Stereotyping and prejudice: Changing conceptions (pp. 169–182). New York: Springer-Verlag. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3582-8_8
Basow, S. (2004). The hidden curriculum: Gender in the classroom. In M. A. Paludi (Ed.). Praeger guide to the psychology of gender (pp. 117–131). Praeger Publishers/Greenwood Publishing Group. https://doi.org/10.5040/9798216000129.ch-006
Bellassai, S. (2005). La mascolinità post-tradizionale. In E. Ruspini (Ed.). Donne e uomini che cambiano. Relazioni di genere, identità sessuali e mutamento sociale (pp. 123–146). Milano: Guerini.
Bellassai, S. (2004). La mascolinità contemporanea. Roma: Carocci.
Berger, P. L. & Luckmann, T. (1966). The social construction of reality. New York: Doubleday.
Berk, L. E. (2003). Child development. London: Pearson Education, Inc.
Bian, L., Leslie, S., & Cimpian, A. (2017). Gender stereotypes about intellectual ability emerge early and influence children’s interests. Science, 355(6323), 389–391. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aah6524
Blumberg, R. (2008). The invisible obstacle to educational equality: Gender bias in textbooks. Prospects, 38(3), 345–361. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11125-009-9086-1
Blumberg, R. L. (2014). Eliminating gender bias in textbooks: pushing for policy reforms that promote gender equity in education. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000232452
Blumberg, R. L. (2007). Gender bias textbooks: A hidden obstacle on the road to gender equality in education. http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0015/001555/155509e.pdf
Brown, C. S., Alabi, B. O., Huynh, V. W., & Masten, C. L. (2011). Ethnicity and gender in late childhood and early adolescence: Group identity and awareness of bias. Developmental Psychology, 47(2), 463–471. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0021819
Burgess, D. & Borgida, E. (1999). Who women are, who women should be: Descriptive and prescriptive gender stereotyping in sex discrimination. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 5(3), 665–692. https://doi.org/10.1037/1076-8971.5.3.665
Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2007). Research methods in education. London: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203029053
Dunnigan, L. (1980). Analyse des stéréotypes masculins et féminins dans les manuels scolaires au Québec.
Golombok, S. & Fivush, R. (1994). Gender development. New York: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1002/1520-6807(200007)37:4<394::AID-PITS14>3.0.CO;2-9
Hamilton, M., Anderson, D., Broaddus, M., & Young, K. (2006). Gender stereotyping and under-representation of female characters in 200 popular children’s picture books: A twenty-first century update. Sex Roles, 55(11-12), 757–765. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-006-9128-6
Jackson, C. (2002). ‘Laddishness’ as a self-worth protection strategy. Gender and Education, 14(1), 37–50. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540250120098870
Kellner, D. & Share, J. (2005). Toward critical media literacy: Core concepts, debates, organizations, and policy. Discourse: Studies in the Cultural Politics of Education, 26(3), 369–386. https://doi.org/10.1080/01596300500200169
King, E. (2020). Fostering toddlers’ social emotional competence: Considerations of teachers’ emotional language by child gender. Early Childhood Development and Care, 191(16), 2494–2507. https://doi.org/10.1080/03004430.2020.1718670
Koepke, M. & Harkins, D. (2008). Conflict in the classroom: Gender differences in the teacher-child relationship. Early Education and Development, 19(6), 843–864. https://doi.org/10.1080/10409280802516108
Kollmayer, M., Schober, B., & Spiel, C. (2016). Gender stereotypes in education: Development, consequences, and interventions. European Journal of Developmental Psychology, 15(4), 361–377. https://doi.org/10.1080/17405629.2016.1193483
Kortenhaus, C. M. & Demarest, J. (1993). Gender role stereotyping in children’s literature: An update. Sex Roles, 28(3/4), 219–232. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00299282
Michel, A. (1986). Down with stereotypes! Eliminating sexism from children’s literature and school textbooks. Paris: UNESCO.
Oakley, A. (1972). Sex, gender and society. London: Temple Smith.
OECD (2020). Over the rainbow? The road to LGBTI inclusion. https://doi.org/10.1787/8d2fd1a8-en
Robinson, K. H. (2014). Building respectful relationships early: educating children on gender variance and sexual diversity. a response to Damien Riggs. Contemporary Issues in Early Childhood, 14(1), 81–87. https://doi.org/10.2304/ciec.2014.14.1.81
Schneider, D. J. (2004). The psychology of stereotyping. New York: Guilford Press.
Sette, S., Spinrad, T., & Baumgartner, E. (2013). Links among Italian preschoolers’ socioemotional competence, teacher-child relationship quality, and peer acceptance. Early Education & Development, 24(6), 851–864. https://doi.org/10.1080/10409289.2013.744684
Su, Q., Wang, Q., Zhang, L., & Zhang, S. (2021). A Review of Gender Stereotypes in Education. In C. Kahl & N. Fatima (Eds.). Proceedings of the 2021 International Conference on Public Relations and Social Sciences (ICPRSS 2021) (pp. 779–783). Atlantis Press. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.211020.256
Tiedemann, J. (2002). Teachers’ gender stereotypes as determinants of teacher perceptions in elementary school mathematics. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 50(1), 49–62. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1020518104346
Trepanier-Street, M. L. & Romatowski, J. A. (1999). The influence of children’s literature on gender role perceptions: A reexamination. Early Childhood Education Journal, 26(3), 155–159. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022977317864
Turner-Bowker, D. (1996). Gender stereotyped descriptors in children’s picture books: Does “curious Jane” exist in literature?. Sex Roles, 35(7/8), 461–488. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01544132
Valente, J. (2011). d/Deaf and d/Dumb: A portrait of a deaf kid as young superhero. New York: Peter Lang.
World Federation of Teachers’ Unions (1983). A study of the portrayal of women and men in school textbooks and children’s literature in France.
Younger, M. & Warrington, M. (1996). Differential achievement of girls and boys at GCSE: Some observations from the perspective of one school. British journal of Sociology of Education, 17(3), 299–313. https://doi.org/10.1080/0142569960170304
Zemore, S. E., Fiske, S. T., & Kim, H. J. (2000). Gender stereotypes and the dynamics of social interaction. In T. Eckes & H. M. Trautner (Eds.). The developmental social psychology of gender (pp. 207–242). London: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781410605245
Zipes, J. (1999). Hans Christian Andersen and the discourse of the dominated. In J. Zipes (Ed.). When dreams come true: Classical fairy tales and their traditions (pp. 80–110). London: Routledge.
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
Categorias
Licença
Copyright (c) 2025 Diana Olivieri, Barbara Palleschi

Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Formazione & insegnamento é distribuído sob a Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).
Para obter mais detalhes, consulte nossa Política de Repositório e Arquivamento, bem como nossos Termos de Direitos Autorais e Licenciamento.