From Chalkboards to Digital Screens: How Classroom Technology Influences Student Academic Behavior, Engagement and Motivation

Authors

  • Sher Alam Khan PhD Scholar in Learning Science and Digital Technologies; Department of Humanities, University of Ferrara & University of Modena Reggio Emilia (Italy); sher.khan@unimore.it https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7184-1635
  • Giorgio Poletti Department of Humanities, University of Ferrara, (Italy); giorgio.poletti@unife.it https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7270-6083
  • Farooq Nawaz Khan Center for Education & Staff Training, University of Swat (Pakistan); farooq@uswat.edu.pk

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.7346/-fei-XXIII-02-25_12

Keywords:

Digital Transformation, Classroom Technology, Students ‘Academic Behavior, Engagement, Motivation, Grade 10

Abstract

In the digital era, classrooms are integrating technology to support study, collaboration, organisation, engagement, and motivation. This quantitative, descriptive study examined how classroom technology relates to students’ academic behaviour among Grade 10 students at a government high school in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Data were collected using a self-developed five-point Likert questionnaire and analysed in SPSS (means, standard deviations, chi-square tests, and correlation matrices). Participants reported that digital tools—including interactive whiteboards and online platforms—support personalised learning, real-time collaboration with teachers and peers, and the effective organisation of materials and deadlines. Respondents also indicated increased participation, motivation, and engagement. Overall, the findings suggest that technology-enabled personalised learning paths, collaboration tools, and interactive platforms are associated with improved study and organisational skills, and with more engaged academic behaviour.

References

Carr, C. T. (2020). CMC Is Dead, Long Live CMC!: Situating Computer-Mediated Communication Scholarship Beyond the Digital Age. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 25(1), 9–22. https://doi.org/10.1093/jcmc/zmz018

Dabbagh, N., & Kitsantas, A. (2012). Personal learning environments, social media, and self-regulated learning: A natural formula for connecting formal and informal learning. The Internet and Higher Education, 15(1), 3–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iheduc.2011.06.002

Davis, F. D. (1989). Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology. MIS Quarterly, 13(3), 319–340. https://doi.org/10.2307/249008

Higgins, S., Xiao, Z., & Katsipataki, M. (2012). The Impact of Digital Technology on Learning: A Summary for the Education Endowment Foundation: Full Report. Durham University and Education Endowment Foundation. Retrieved September 4, 2025, from https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED612174

Johnson, M. (2020). Cloud computing and student productivity: A modern approach to learning organization. Journal of Educational Technology, 18(3), 45–60. https://doi.org/10.59890/ijasr.v2i2.1333

Jonassen, D. H. (1999). Designing constructivist learning environments. In C. M. Reigeluth (Ed.), Instructional-design theories and models: A new paradigm of instructional theory (Vol. 2, pp. 215–239). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Kay, R. H., Knaack, L. & Petrarca, D. (2018). Exploring student perceptions of web-based learning tools. The Internet and Higher Education, 20, 1–7.

Khan, S. H., ur Rahim, Mujeeb & Naz, F. L.. (2023). Effects of Digital Technology on Mathematical Achievements of Primary School Students; Evidences From Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan. International Journal of Contemporary Issues in Social Sciences, 2(3), 287–293. Retrieved September 4, 2025, from https://ijciss.org/index.php/ijciss/article/view/62

Li, Y., & Tsai, C. C. (2013). How students’ attitudes toward internet-mediated learning resources influence their learning behaviors. Computers & Education, 68, 326–334. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2013.05.005

Luckin, R., Holmes, W., Griffiths, M., & Forcier, L. B. (2018). Artificial intelligence and the future of learning. The Royal Society.

Matthews, R., & Ross, E. (2010). Research methods: A practical guide for the social sciences. Pearson Education Ltd.

Mayer, R. E. (2009). Multimedia learning. Cambridge University Press.

Miller, A. (2019). The impact of digital note-taking on student learning and organization. Educational Psychology Review, 31(2), 175–192. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-019-09472-3

Piaget, J. (1970). Science of education and the psychology of the child. Oxford University Press.

Schunk, D. H., & Greene, J. A. (2018). Handbook of self-regulation of learning and performance. Routledge.

Selwyn, N. (2020). Taking a qualitative approach to technology and education. In N. Selwyn (Ed.), Telling Tales on Technology (pp. 7–20). Routledge.

Selwyn, N. (2016). Education and technology: Key issues and debates. Bloomsbury Publishing.

Selwyn, N., Hillman, T., Bergviken Rensfeldt, A., & Perrotta, C. (2023). Digital technologies and the automation of education—Key questions and concerns. Postdigital Science and Education, 5(1), 15–24. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42438-021-00252-5

Sung, Y. T., Chang, K. E., & Liu, T. C. (2016). The effects of integrating mobile devices with teaching and learning on students’ learning performance: A meta-analysis and research synthesis. Computers & Education, 94, 252–275. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2015.11.008

Van Dijk, J. A. G. M. (2020). The digital divide. Polity Press.

Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes. Harvard University Press.

Wang, Y. (2021). Collaborative learning in digital education: Tools and strategies. Springer.

Warschauer, M. (2020). Learning in the cloud: How (and why) to transform schools with digital media. Teachers College Press.

Yue, C., & Xu, X. (2019). Review of quantitative methods used in Chinese educational research, 1978–2018. ECNU Review of Education, 2(4), 515–543. https://doi.org/10.1177/2096531119878966

Zhao, Y., & Frank, K. A. (2003). Factors affecting technology uses in schools: An ecological perspective. American Educational Research Journal, 40(4), 807–840. https://doi.org/10.3102/00028312040004807

Zheng, B., Warschauer, M., Lin, C. H., & Chang, C. (2016). Learning in one-to-one laptop environments: A meta-analysis and research synthesis. Review of Educational Research, 86(4), 1052–1084. https://doi.org/10.3102/0034654316628645

Downloads

Published

2025-09-10

How to Cite

Khan, S. A., Poletti, G., & Khan, F. N. (2025). From Chalkboards to Digital Screens: How Classroom Technology Influences Student Academic Behavior, Engagement and Motivation. Formazione & Insegnamento, 23(2), 104–114. https://doi.org/10.7346/-fei-XXIII-02-25_12