Proactive school and motricity: Key elements for children’s health and psychophysical well-being

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.7346/-feis-XXI-01-23_14

Keywords:

Human movement, Motor development, Learning, Physical education, Physical literacy

Abstract

The new legal framework of the primary school provides two hours of compulsory physical education teaching from master’s degree specialists in physical education in addition to the PE hours taught by a master’s degree generalist in primary education sciences. The present research aims to analyze critical issues concerning the legislative transition from the current law system to the next. The research investigates how the school community can incorporate educational-didactic and managerial-administrative measures in dedicated platforms for rules application. The results will determine the good practice models to be offered to the primary school education system as an inventory of good teaching practices helpful for teachers, managers, and family members. The overall scientific evidence will also flow into a final document to enhance the construction of teaching plans for the disciplines regarding the methods and didactics of motor and sports activities in light of legislative innovations (Legislative Decree no. 36/2021).

References

Al-Khudairy, L., Loveman, E., Colquitt, J. L., Mead, E., Johnson, R. E., Fraser, H., Olajide, J., Murphy, M., Velho, R. M., O’Malley, C., Azevedo, L. B., Ells, L. J., Metzendorf, M. I., & Rees, K. (2017). Diet, physical activity and behavioural interventions for the treatment of overweight or obese adolescents aged 12 to 17 years. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 6(6), CD012691. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD012691

Barnett, L. M., Ridgers, N. D., Zask, A., & Salmon, J. (2015). Face validity and reliability of a pictorial instrument for assessing fundamental movement skill perceived competence in young children. Journal of science and medicine in sport, 18(1), 98–102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2013.12.004

Cleland, F. E., & Gallahue, D. L. (1993). Young children’s divergent movement ability. Perceptual and motor skills, 77(2), 535–544. https://doi.org/10.2466/pms.1993.77.2.535

Colella D, Morano M, Bortoli L, & Robazza, C. (2008). A Physical Self-Efficacy Scale for Children. Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal, 36(6), 841–848. https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2008.36.6.841

Crocker, P. R., Bailey, D. A., Faulkner, R. A., Kowalski, K. C., & McGrath, R. (1997). Measuring general levels of physical activity: preliminary evidence for the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children. Medicine and science in sports and exercise, 29(10), 1344–1349. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-199710000-00011

D’Elia, F. (2019). Modelli didattico-organizzativi della scuola primaria per l’insegnamento dell’educazione fisica. Formazione & insegnamento, 17(3), 89–96. https://doi.org/10.7346/-feis-XVII-03-19_08

D’Elia, F. (2020). Teachers’ perspectives about contents and learning aim of physical education in Italian primary school. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, 15(Proc2), S279–S288. https://doi.org/10.14198/jhse.2020.15.Proc2.19

D’Isanto T. (2019). State of art and didactics opportunities of Physical Education teaching in Primary School. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 19(5S), 1759–1762. https://doi.org/10.14198/jhse.2020.15.Proc2.19

Hosker, D. K., Elkins, R. M., & Potter, M. P. (2019). Promoting Mental Health and Wellness in Youth Through Physical Activity, Nutrition, and Sleep. Child and adolescent psychiatric clinics of North America, 28(2), 171–193. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chc.2018.11.010

Invernizzi, P., M., Crotti, A., Bosio, L., Cavaggioni, G., Alberti, S., & Scurati, R. (2019). Multi-Teaching Styles Approach and Active Reflection: Effectiveness in Improving Fitness Level, Motor Competence, Enjoyment, Amount of Physical Activity, and Effects on the Perception of Physical Education Lessons in Primary School Children. Sustainability, 11(2), 405. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11020405

Jarani, J., Grøntved, A., Muca, F., Spahi, A., Qefalia, D., Ushtelenca, K., Kasa, A., Caporossi, D., & Gallotta, M. C. (2016). Effects of two physical education programmes on health- and skill-related physical fitness of Albanian children. Journal of sports sciences, 34(1), 35–46. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2015.1031161

Kiphard, E. J., & Schilling, F. (1974). Körperkoordinationstest für Kinder KTK: Manual. Weinhein: Beltz Test

Léger, L. A., Mercier, D., Gadoury, C., & Lambert, J. (1988). The multistage 20 metre shuttle run test for aerobic fitness. Journal of sports sciences, 6(2), 93–101. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640418808729800

Maturana, H., & Varela, F. (1992). L’albero della conoscenza. Milano: Garzanti.

Measuring Enjoyment of Physical Activity in Children: Validation of the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale. (2009). Journal of applied sport psychology, 21(S1), S116–S129. https://doi.org/10.1080/10413200802593612

Mosston, M., & Ashworth, S. (2008). Teaching Physical Education (1st Online ed.). Retrieved January 31, 2023, from https://spectrumofteachingstyles.org/assets/files/book/Teaching_Physical_Edu_1st_Online.pdf

Ní Chróinín D, Fletcher T and O’Sullivan M (2018). Pedagogical principles of learning to teach meaningful physical education. Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy, 23(2), 117–133. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17408989.2017.1342789

Parlamento Italiano. (2015). Legge 13 luglio 2015, n. 107: Riforma del sistema nazionale di istruzione e formazione e delega per il riordino delle disposizioni legislative vigenti. (15G00122). Gazzetta Ufficiale Serie Generale, 156(162). Retrieved January 31, 2023, from https://www.gazzettaufficiale.it/eli/id/2015/07/15/15G00122/sg

Parlamento Italiano. (2021). Legge 30 dicembre 2021, n. 234: Bilancio di previsione dello Stato per l'anno finanziario 2022 e bilancio pluriennale per il triennio 2022-2024. (21G00256). Gazzetta Ufficiale, Supplemento Ordinario, 310(S49). Retrieved January 31, 2023, from https://www.gazzettaufficiale.it/eli/id/2021/12/31/21G00256/sg

Presidente della Repubblica. (2021). Decreto legislativo 28 febbraio 2021, n. 36: Attuazione dell’articolo 5 della legge 8 agosto 2019, n. 86, recante riordino e riforma delle disposizioni in materia di enti sportivi professionistici e dilettantistici, nonche’ di lavoro sportivo. (21G00043). Gazzetta Ufficiale Serie Generale, 162(67). Retrieved January 31, 2023, from https://www.gazzettaufficiale.it/eli/id/2021/03/18/21G00043/sg

Raiola, G. (2019). L’insegnante di Educazione Fisica nella Scuola Primaria: problematiche ordinamentali e possibili prospettive. Formazione & insegnamento, 17(3), 181–192. http://dx.doi.org/10.7346/-feis-XVII-03-19_15

Randall, L. E. (1992). Systematic supervision for physical education. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.

Rink, J. E. (2002). Teaching physical education for learning (4th ed), New York: McGraw-Hill Higher Education.

Rodriguez-Ayllon, M., Cadenas-Sánchez, C., Estévez-López, F., Muñoz, N. E., Mora-Gonzalez, J., Migueles, J. H., Molina-García, P., Henriksson, H., Mena-Molina, A., Martínez-Vizcaíno, V., Catena, A., Löf, M., Erickson, K. I., Lubans, D. R., Ortega, F. B., & Esteban-Cornejo, I. (2019). Role of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior in the Mental Health of Preschoolers, Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Sports Medicine, 49(9), 1383–1410. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-019-01099-5

Senato della Repubblica Italiana. (2020). DDL S. 992: Delega al Governo in materia di insegnamento curricolare dell’educazione motoria nella scuola primaria. Retrieved January 31, 2023, from https://www.senato.it/leg/18/BGT/Schede/Ddliter/51085.htm#

Siedentop, D., & Tannehill, D. (2000). Developing teaching skills in physical education (4th ed.). New York, NY McGraw-Hill.

Stodden, D. F., Goodway, J. D., Langendorfer, S. J., Roberton, M. A., Rudisill, M. E., Garcia, C., & Garcia, L. E. (2008). A developmental perspective on the role of motor skill competence in physical activity: An emergent relationship. Quest, 60(2), 290-306. https://doi.org/10.1080/00336297.2008.10483582

SueSee, B., Edwards, K., Pill, S., & Cuddihy, T. (2018). Self-reported teaching styles of Australian senior physical education teachers. Curriculum Perspectives, 38(1), 41–54. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41297-018-0041-24

Towse, J. N., & Cheshire, A. (2007). Random number generation and working memory. European Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 19(3), 374–394. https://doi.org/10.1080/09541440600764570

Ulrich, D. A. (1985). Test of Gross Motor Development. University of Michighan: EIM.

Ulrich, D. A. (2000). Test of gross motor development 2: Examiner’s manual (2nd ed.). Austin, TX: PRO-ED.

Whitehead, M (2010). Physical Literacy: Throughout the Lifecourse. Taylor & Francis. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203881903

WHO. (2010). Global recommendations on physical activity for health. World Health Organization. Retrieved January 31, 2023, from https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241599979

Published

2023-04-14

How to Cite

Raiola, G., Scurati, R., & Invernizzi, P. (2023). Proactive school and motricity: Key elements for children’s health and psychophysical well-being. Formazione & Insegnamento, 21(1S), 92–100. https://doi.org/10.7346/-feis-XXI-01-23_14

Most read articles by the same author(s)