Studente-atleta dalla scuola all’università: Quale modello educativo?

Autori

Parole chiave:

Piano per l’Orientamento e il Tutorato, Continuità Educativa, Dual-Career

Abstract

Il presente contributo si proporne di presentare i risultati della valutazione motoria svolta durante i laboratori POT co-progettati tra docenti dell’Università e delle Scuole coinvolte (licei ad indirizzo sportivo). Lo studio ha visto coinvolti 103 studenti (ragazze = 35, ragazzi = 68; età = 17–18 anni), che hanno partecipato a sessioni teorico-pratiche di valutazione dell’efficienza fisica durante le attività del POT presso l’Università del Salento. Ai partecipanti sono stati proposti test motori (salto in lungo da fermo, lancio frontale, corsa navetta, hand grip, sit up e test del cammino di 6 minuti) e un questionario autoprodotto per indagare i livelli di attività fisica. I risultati hanno evidenziato come la pratica regolare di attività fisica abbia un effetto significativo sulla resistenza aerobica e la forza muscolare, mentre non sono state evidenziate differenze in relazione al BMI. Sulla base dei risultati evidenziati dalla valutazione motoria e dell’esperienza del POT, il presente contribuito intende, altresì, proporre un modello progettuale per la continuazione dell’attività sportiva attraverso la Dual-Career.

Riferimenti bibliografici

Asensio Castañeda, E., Navarro, R. M., Chamorro, J. L., & Ospina-Betancurt, J. (2023). A Holistic Vision of the Academic and Sports Development of Elite Spanish Track and Field Athletes. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(6). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20065153

Bailey, R., Hillman, C., Arent, S., & Petitpas, A. (2013). Physical activity: An underestimated investment in human capital? Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 10(3), 289–308. https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.10.3.289

Bankenship, B.T., and Ayers, S.F. (2010). The role of PETE in developing joy-oriented physical educators, Quest, 171-183. Retrieved May 15, 2024, from https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1013&context=humanperformance_faculty

Bastianon, S., & Greco, G. (2018). The Italian approach to the dual careers of university student-athletes. Kinesiologia Slovenica, 24(3), 5–18. Retrieved May 15, 2024, from https://www.kinsi.si/mma/003_bastianon_5-18_KinSi_3_2018_corr.pdf/2019022111111048/

Bull, F. C., Al-Ansari, S. S., Biddle, S., Borodulin, K., Buman, M. P., Cardon, G., … Willumsen, J. F. (2020). World Health Organization 2020 guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 54(24), 1451–1462. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2020-102955

Cala, V. C., & Soriano, E. (2014). Health Education from an Ecological Perspective. Adaptation of the Bronfenbrenner Model from an Experience with Adolescents. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 132, 49–57. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.04.277

Christensen, M. K., & Sørensen, J. K. (2009). Sport or school? Dreams and dilemmas for talented young Danish football players. European Physical Education Review, 15(1), 115–133. https://doi.org/10.1177/1356336X09105214

Cole, T. J., Bellizzi, M. C., Flegal, K. M., &Dietz, W. H. (2000). Establishing a standard definition for child over-weight and obesity worldwide: international survey. British Medicine Journal, 320(7244), 1240-1243. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.320.7244.1240

Condello, G., Capranica, L., Doupona, M., Varga, K., & Burk, V. (2019). Dual-career through the elite university student-athletes’ lenses: The international FISU-EAS survey. PloS One, 14(10), e0223278. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0223278

CONI - Comitato Olimpico Nazionale Italiano. (2023, February 23). Siglato protocollo d’intesa tra CONI e CIP sulla dual career degli atleti [Institutional website]. CONI. https://www.coni.it/it/news-attivita-istituzionali/siglato-protocollo-d-intesa-tra-coni-e-cip-sulla-dual-career-degli-atleti.html

CONI - Comitato Olimpico Nazionale Italiano, UNISPORT ITALIA, & CUSI - Centro Universitario Sportivo Italiano. (2020). Protocollo d’intesa [Memorandum of Understanding]. https://www.cusi.it//wp-content/uploads/ALLEGATIPDF/Protocollo%20Intesa%20CONI%20CUSI%20UNISPORT.pdf

Council of Europe. (2022). Revised European Sports Charter: Recommendation CM/Rec(2021)5 Adopted by the Committee of Ministers on 13 October 2021 at the 1414th meeting of the Ministers’ Deputies (Recommendation CM/Rec(2021)5). https://edoc.coe.int/en/sport-for-all/11299-revised-european-sports-charter.html (Adopted)

Council of Europe-Committee for the development of sport (1988). EUROFIT: Handbook for the EUROFIT tests of physical fitness. Rome: Italian National Olympic Committee.

Defruyt, S., Wylleman, P., Stambulova, N., Cecić Erpič, S., Graczyk, M., & De Brandt, K. (2021). Competencies of dual career support providers (DCSPs): A scenario-specific perspective. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 19(1), 43–60. https://doi.org/10.1080/1612197X.2019.1655773

European Commission. (2008). EU Physical Activity Guidelines. https://health.ec.europa.eu/publications/eu-physical-activity-guidelines_en?prefLang=mt

Gjaka, M., Tessitore, A., Blondel, L., Bozzano, E., Burlot, F., Debois, N., Delon, D., Figueiredo, A., Foerster, J., Gonçalves, C., Guidotti, F., Pesce, C., Pišl, A., Rheinisch, E., Rolo, A., Ryan, G., Templet, A., Varga, K., Warrington, G., … Doupona, M. (2021). Understanding the educational needs of parenting athletes involved in sport and education: The parents’ view. PloS One, 16(1), e0243354. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0243354

Guthold, R., Stevens, G. A., Riley, L. M., & Bull, F. C. (2020). Global trends in insufficient physical activity among adolescents: a pooled analysis of 298 population-based surveys with 1•6 million participants. The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health, 4(1), 23–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-4642(19)30323-2

Istituto Nazionale di Statistica. (ISTAT). (2022). Sport, attività fisica e sedentarietà. Istituto Nazionale di Statistica. https://www.istat.it/it/archivio/278410

Lammers, A. E., Hislop, A. A., Flynn, Y., & Haworth, S. G. (2008). The 6-minute walk test: normal values for children of 4–11 years of age. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 93(6), 464 LP – 468. https://doi.org/10.1136/adc.2007.123653

Legge 28 giugno 1977, n. 394: Potenziamento dell’attivita’ sportiva universitaria. (1977). Gazzetta Ufficiale Serie Generale, 118(189), 5215–5216. https://www.gazzettaufficiale.it/eli/id/1977/07/13/077U0394/sg

Lupo, C., Guidotti, F., Goncalves, C. E., Moreira, L., Doupona Topic, M., Bellardini, H., Tonkonogi, M., Colin, A., & Capranica, L. (2015). Motivation towards dual career of European student-athletes. European Journal of Sport Science, 15(2), 151–160. https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2014.940557

Migliorati, M., Maulini, C., & Isidori, E. (2017). La dual-career degli studenti-atleti nella scuola secondaria: fra teoresi pedagogica e progettualità. Formazione & Insegnamento, 14(1 Suppl. SE-Articles), 157–168. https://ojs.pensamultimedia.it/index.php/siref/article/view/1887

MIUR, M. dell’Istruzione dell’Università e della R. (2016, December 21). Tutor e formazione a distanza, l’Università diventa più accessibile per gli studenti-atleti Siglata l’intesa: Strumenti ad hoc per chi vuole studiare senza rinunciare alla carriera sportiva [Institutional website]. Ministero dell’Istruzione e del Merito. https://www.miur.gov.it/web/guest/-/tutor-e-formazione-a-distanza-l-universita-diventa-piu-accessibile-per-gli-studenti-atleti-siglata-l-intesa-strumenti-ad-hoc-per-chi-vuole-studiare-se

Morrow, J. J. R., Mood, D., Disch, J., & Kang, M. (2015). Measurement and Evaluation in Human Performance, 5E. Human Kinetics.

Napolitano, M. R. (2020). L’università come catalizzatore di relazioni per la valorizzazione del capitale territoriale/The university as a catalyst of relationships for enhancing territorial capital. IL CAPITALE CULTURALE. Studies on the Value of Cultural Heritage, (11), 143-156. http://dx.doi.org/10.13138/2039-2362/2535

Neumaier, A. (2003), The Faculty of Sports Science: A Multidisciplinary Approach to Sports, European Journal of Sport Science, 3(3), 1-3. https://doi.org/10.1080/17461390300073301

Nutbeam, D., & Muscat, D. M. (2021). Health promotion glossary 2021. Health promotion international, 36(6), 1578-1598. https://doi.org/10.1093/heapro/daaa157

Nuttall, F. Q. (2015). Body Mass Index: Obesity, BMI, and Health: A Critical Review. Nutrition Today, 50(3), 117–128. https://doi.org/10.1097/NT.0000000000000092

Organizzazione Nazioni Unite. (ONU). (2015). Trasformare il nostro mondo: L’Agenda 2030 per lo sviluppo sostenibile. New York: UN Publishing.

Ortega, F. B., Cadenas-Sanchez, C., Migueles, J. H., Labayen, I., Ruiz, J. R., Sui, X., Blair, S. N., Martínez-Vizcaino, V., & Lavie, C. J. (2018). Role of Physical Activity and Fitness in the Characterization and Prognosis of the Metabolically Healthy Obesity Phenotype: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Progress in cardiovascular diseases, 61(2), 190–205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcad.2018.07.008

Pozuelo-Carrascosa, D. P., Martínez-Vizcaíno, V., Torres-Costoso, A., Martinez, M. S., Rodríguez-GutiÈrrez, E., & Garrido-Miguel, M. (2023). “Fat but Fit” Paradox and Cardiometabolic Risk in Children: The Role of Physical Activity. Childhood Obesity (Print), 19(4), 282–291. https://doi.org/10.1089/chi.2022.0073

Recommendation No. R(92)13 of the Committee of Ministers to Member States on the European Sports Charter (Recommendation CM/Del/Concl (92)480 Appendix 11, pp. 33–41). (1992). https://search.coe.int/cm?i=09000016804fbb30 (Adopted)

Ruiz-Montero, P. J., Chiva-Bartoll, O., Baena-Extremera, A., &Hortigüela-Alcalá, D. (2020). Gender, Physical Self-Perception and Overall Physical Fitness in Secondary School Students: A Multiple Mediation Model. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health .https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186871

Ryan, C. (2015). Factors impacting carded athlete’s readiness for dual careers. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 21, 91–97. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2015.04.008

Sorkkila, M., Ryba, T. V, Aunola, K., Selänne, H., & Salmela-Aro, K. (2020). Sport burnout inventory-Dual career form for student-athletes: Assessing validity and reliability in a Finnish sample of adolescent athletes. Journal of Sport and Health Science, 9(4), 358–366. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2017.10.006

Thompson, F., Rongen, F., Cowburn, I., & Till, K. (2022). A case study of the features and holistic athlete impacts of a UK sports-friendly school: Student-athlete, coach and teacher perspectives. PloS One, 17(11), e0278401. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0278401

Weisstaub, G., Gonzalez Bravo, M. A., García-Hermoso, A., Salazar, G., & López-Gil, J. F. (2022). Cross-sectional association between physical fitness and cardiometabolic risk in Chilean schoolchildren: the fat but fit paradox. Translational Pediatrics, 11(7), 1085–1094. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.21037/tp-22-25

World Health Organization. (2019). Global action plan on physical activity 2018-2030: more active people for a healthier world. World Health Organization.

Wylleman, P., & Lavallee, D. (2004). A developmental perspective on transitions faced by athletes. Developmental Sport and Exercise Psychology: A Lifespan Perspective, 507–527

Wylleman, P., Reints, A., & De Knop, P. (2013). A developmental and holistic perspective on athletic career development. In Managing high performance sport (pp. 191–214). Routledge.

##submission.downloads##

Pubblicato

2024-08-11

Come citare

Monacis, D. (2024). Studente-atleta dalla scuola all’università: Quale modello educativo?. Formazione & Insegnamento, 22, 7226. Recuperato da https://ojs.pensamultimedia.it/index.php/siref/article/view/7226

Fascicolo

Sezione

Articoli

Categorie