Analisi e Comparazione dei Fattori Determinanti e Impatto sulla Prestazione Sportiva: Una Recensione
Parole chiave:
Qualità fisiche, Abilità Motorie, Sport di squadra, Indicazioni applicativeAbstract
Negli sport di squadra prevale la richiesta di competenze tecnico-tattiche, ma per ottenere significativi risultati sportivi i giocatori devono avere anche elevate e specifiche qualità fisiche. In pallacanestro, calcio e pallavolo i giocatori eseguono ripetutamente abilità motorie specifiche con sforzi massimali o sub-massimali (accelerazioni, cambi di direzione e salti), con pause brevi di recupero. Lo scopo di questa recensione è identificare e analizzare i fattori determinanti della prestazione in pallacanestro, calcio e pallavolo, e quali possono essere le indicazioni applicative per migliorarla, tenendo come riferimento il modello prestativo. È stato utilizzato il metodo PRISMA, definiti i criteri di inclusione e utilizzati diversi motori di ricerca per il reperimento dei risultati in letteratura (Pubmed, Google Scholar e Frontiers). I determinanti vengono descritti e analizzati come fattori che influenzano la prestazione sportiva per ciascuno dei tre sport di squadra presi in considerazione. Le diverse qualità fisiologiche dovrebbero essere migliorate con metodiche e applicazioni specifiche.
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