¿Qué sabemos sobre la eficacia de los programas de potenciación léxica? Una síntesis de las evidencias
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7346/-fei-XXI-02-23_16Palabras clave:
Competencia léxica, Desarrollo de habilidades de lectura, Estrategias efectivas, Intervenciones léxicas, Factores metodológicos, Factores didácticos, Factores contextuales, Síntesis de la investigaciónResumen
El fortalecimiento léxico se define como el desarrollo de la competencia léxica, entendida como la capacidad de comprender y utilizar palabras y expresiones de un idioma de manera adecuada. Esta competencia es esencial para la comprensión del texto y para el desarrollo de habilidades de lectura. El estudio presenta una síntesis de las evidencias [revisión umbrella] con un doble objetivo: conocer la eficacia de las intervenciones en la competencia léxica y, en general, en la competencia de lectura; evaluar qué factores metodológicos, didácticos y contextuales contribuyen a la calidad y eficacia de las intervenciones. La síntesis incluye metaanálisis de estudios experimentales sobre el efecto de intervenciones léxicas y explica el proceso de búsqueda, selección y análisis de los estudios. De las evidencias sintetizadas, se desprende que tales intervenciones tienen una eficacia moderada en el desarrollo de la competencia léxica y de lectura, tanto en la lengua materna como en la segunda lengua, con diferencias según la edad de los sujetos y el tipo de programa.
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