O mito da infância no Kalevala: Um caso de fatalismo formativo no patrimônio cultural finlandês
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7346/-fei-XXII-01-24_18Palavras-chave:
Educação informal, Finlândia, Infancia, Kalevala, Mitologia, Patrimônio cultural, Fatalismo formativoResumo
O Kalevala, poema épico finlandês por excelência, abriga um repertório singular de episódios relacionados a uma concepção 'mitológica' da infância. Isso o torna um campo fértil para o estudo da educação informal em conexão com o patrimônio cultural. Após estabelecer como este último constitui a chave de abóbada para o estudo dos processos informais de aprendizagem, o presente artigo adota a perspectiva do Humanismo Metropolita para a Educação [Greater Humanities for Education] com o objetivo de realizar uma análise temática das instâncias do Kalevala relativas à infância, levando em consideração as dimensões empírica, histórica, hermenêutica e ético-moral do fenômeno literário em questão. O estudo de caso resultante revela um conceito multifacetado de infância, que alterna concepções deficitárias com formas de excepcionalismo. Das articulações desse conceito emerge uma teoria folk da formação que neste artigo é denominada fatalismo formativo. Como conclusão, derivam-se indutivamente os três pilares do fatalismo formativo do Kalevala: (i) o determinismo intergeracional (história); (ii) o quase-determinismo da tradição; (iii) a idiossincrasia formativa dos caminhos existenciais individuais. Dada a ampla patrimonialização do Kalevala e seu papel na formação da identidade coletiva finlandesa, conclui-se refletindo sobre como esse fatalismo pode se reconciliar com os aspectos mais progressistas da sociedade finlandesa contemporânea.
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