Analogie costruite o chiuse: effetti della mediazione e relazione con la memoria di lavoro
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7346/-feis-XX-02-22_04Parole chiave:
Valutazione dinamica, Pensiero analogico, Memoria di lavoro, Modificabilità cognitivaAbstract
Gli obiettivi di questo paper sono di: a) esaminare gli effetti della mediazione delle Analogie Costruite vs. delle Chiuse sulla modificabilità cognitiva nel pensiero analgico; b) indagare gli effetti della mediazione delle analogie sulla memoria di lavoro; e c) analizzare il pattern di correlazione tra il pensiero analogico e la memoria di lavoro nelle Analogie Costruite e Chiuse. Un campione della classe prima della primaria (49 bambini e 47 bambine) sono stati assegnati casualmente ai gruppi Analogie Costruite (E1, n = 48) e Analogie Chiuse (E2, n = 48). I bambini nel gruppo E1 hanno effettuato la versione Costruita del Analogical Modifiability Puzzle Test (AMPT) mentre i bambini E2 hanno effettuato la versione Chiusa. Entrambe le versioni sono state utilizzate in una versione di valutazione dinamica con le fasi di pre-insegnamento, insegnamento, e post-insegnamento. A entrambi i gruppi è stato somministrato il test Children’s Spatial Working Memory (CSWM) prima e dopo la fase di insegnamento. I risultati mostrano che entrambi i gruppi hanno migliorato il loro ragionamento analogico tra pre e post-insegnamento, con un miglioramento maggiore del gruppo E2. Entrambi i gruppi hanno mostrato un significativo miglioramento della memoria di lavoro tra pre e post-insegnamento, il che indica effetti di transfer a disantanza. Il pensiero analogico è significativamente correlato con la memoria di lavoro nella fase di pre-insegnamento delle Analogie Costruite, mentre il pensiero analogico è significativamente collegato con la memoria di lavoro nella fase di post-insegnamento delle Analogie Chiuse. I risultati sollevano interrogativi sui fattori cognitivi coinvolti nella misurazione del pensiero analogico utilizzando un formato di Analogie Chiuse. Il contributo, infine, discute i risultati in relazione agli effetti delle caratteristiche del compito, la mediazione nella valutazione dinamica e la recente ricerca sulla memoria di lavoro.
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