Facing Summer Learning Loss: The Interview as an Educational Strategy within the Relationship among School and Community Partners

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.7346/-fei-XX-02-22_07

Keywords:

Assessment interview, Learning loss, Heuristic curriculum, Evaluation of educational interventions, Territorial educational pacts

Abstract

This contribution intends to explore the use of the interview-conversation as a tool within a project designed to combat summer learning loss. The project, “Arcipelago Educativo Estate,” was coordinated on a national level by Save the Children and structured in a 12-week training program involving more than 500 children and teenagers from 11 Italian cities over the summer of 2021. The goal of the research is to exemplify the dual function of the interview-conversation; didactical as a learning support for the program participants and evaluative as an instrument to analyze the learning achieved by the participants. This qualitative study involved the conducting 112 interview-conversations, 56 with female participants and 56 with male participants, between June and October of 2021. The data collected was subsequently subjected to thematic analysis. The results reveal the didactic versatility of the interview-conversation both as a tool for the assessment of learning and as a means to support the self-assessments made by the participants. The learnings most often perceived by the participants concern the sphere of social and relational skills and the sense of self-efficacy.

References

Atteberry, A., & McEachin, A. (2016). School’s out: Summer learning loss across grade levels and school contexts in the United States today. In Alexander, K., Pitcock, S., & Boulay, M. (Eds). Summer learning and summer learning loss. (pp. 35-54). New York: Teachers College Press.

Bezzi, C. (2010). Il nuovo disegno della ricerca valutativa. Milano: Franco Angeli.

Bonal, G. (2020). The Impact of Lockdown on the Learning Gap: Family and School Division in Times of Crisis. International Review of Education, 66, 635-65. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11159-020-09860-z

Braun V., & Clarke V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2): 77-101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa

Buschman, L. (2001). Research, Reflection, Practice: December 2001: Using Student Interviews to Guide Classroom Instruction: An Action Research Project. Teaching Children Mathematics, 8(4), 222-227. https://doi.org/10.5951/TCM.8.4.0222

Clarke, D., Mitchell, A., & Roche, A. (2005). Student one-to-one assessment interviews in mathematics: A powerful tool for teachers. In J. Mousley, L. Bragg & C. Campbell (Eds.), Mathematics: Celebrating achievement (pp. 66–80). Melbourne: Mathematical Association of Victoria.

Commissione Europea (2018), The Organisation of School Time in Europe. Primary and General Secondary Education – 2018/19, Eurydice Facts and Figures, EU publishing.

Crawford, G. L., & Kloepper, K. D. (2019). Exit interviews: Laboratory assessment incorporating written and oral communication. Journal of Chemical Education, 96(5), 880-887. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.8b00950

Cucco, B., Gavosto, A., & Romano, B. (2021). How to fight against drop out and demotivation in crisis context: some insights and examples from Italy. In Radical Solutions for Education in a Crisis Context (pp. 23-36). Singapore: Springer.

Dick, M. (2005). Student interviews as a tool for assessment and learning in a systems analysis and design course. ACM SIGCSE Bulletin, 37(3), 24-28. https://doi.org/10.1145/1151954.1067456

Elharake et al. (2022). Mental Health Impact of COVID-19 among Children and College Students: A Systematic Review. Child Psychiatry & Human Development, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10578-021-01297-1

Engzell, P., Frey, A., & Verhagen, M. D. (2021). Learning loss due to school closures during the COVID-19 pandemic. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 118(17). https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2022376118

Entwisle, D.R., Alexander, K.L. (1992). Summer setback: Race, poverty, school composition, and mathematics achievement in the first two years of school. American Sociological Review, 57, 72-84. https://doi.org/10.2307/2096145

Ferraro, F. V., Ambra, F. I., Aruta, L., & Iavarone, M. L. (2021). Students’ perception of distanced learning: A retrospective analysis. Formazione & Insegnamento, 19(1), 533-543. https://doi.org/10.7346/-fei-XIX-01-21_47

Fuller, B. (2012). Interviews as an assessment tool. Rethinking negotiation teaching, 3, 125-138.

Gordon, J. (2003). Assessing students' personal and professional development using portfolios and interviews. Medical education, 37(4), 335-340. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2923.2003.01475.x

Guba, E.G., & Lincoln, Y.S. (1989). Fourth generation evaluation. Newbury Park: Sage.

Hattie, J. (2012). Visible Learning for Teachers: Maximizing Impact on Learning. London: Routledge.

Hattie, J. (2009). Visible learning: a synthesis of over 800 meta-analyses relating to achievement. London-New York: Routledge.

Hattie, J. (2015). We Aren't Using Assessments Correctly. There’s a distinction between formative and summative assessments. Education Week, 35(10), 23-28.

Heyns, B. (1978). Summer learning and the effect of schools. Academic Press.

INVALSI (2021). I risultati delle prove INVALSI 2021. invalsiopen.it

INVALSI (2022). Rapporto INVALSI 2022. invalsiopen.it

Lumbelli, L. (1972). Comunicazione non autoritaria. Milano: FrancoAngeli.

Mignosi, E. (2001). La scuola dell'infanzia di Palermo. Lo sfondo ecologico e la voce dell'insegnante. Bergamo: Edizioni Junior.

Milione, A., & Landri, P. (2021). L’inclusione scolastica degli alunni con background migratorio nell’emergenza sanitaria covid-19: una battuta d’arresto? In Bonifazi C., Cadeddu M. E., Marras C (a cura di)., Migrazioni di virus. Numeri e linguaggi, Roma: CNR Edizioni, pp. 59-76.

Pagani, V. (2020). Dare voce ai dati: l'analisi dei dati testuali nella ricerca educativa. Reggio Emilia: Edizioni Junior.

Pandolfi, L. (2017). Dispersione scolastica e povertà educativa: quali strategie di intervento?. Lifelong Lifewide Learning, 13(30), 52-64. https://doi.org/10.19241/lll.v13i30.94

Pavolini et al. (2021). Tutti a casa. Il sistema di istruzione italiano alla prova del COVID-19. Social Policies, 8(2), 255-280. https://doi.org/10.7389/101680

Pokhrel, S., & Chhetri, R. (2021). A literature review on impact of COVID-19 pandemic on teaching and learning. Higher Education for the Future, 8(1), 133-141. https://doi.org/10.1177/2347631120983481

Pontecorvo, C., Ajello, A. M. & Zucchermaglio, C. (1991). Discutendo si impara. Interazione sociale e conoscenza a scuola. Roma: La Nuova Italia Scientifica.

Rogers, C.R. (1945). The non-directive method as a technique for social research, American Journal of Sociology, 50(4) 279-28.

Sabella, M. (2014). Primi della classe si nasce? Indagine longitudinale sul Summer Learning Loss nella scuola secondaria di I grado. Roma: Edizioni Nuova Cultura.

Save the Children (2021). Presentazione Arcipelago Educativo Estate. Testo disponibile al sito: https://www.arcipelagoeducativo.it/ (data di consultazione: 09/04/22).

Schleicher, A. (2020). The impact of COVID-19 on education. OECD.

Siewert, J. (2013). Herkunftsspezifische Unterschiede in der Kompetenzentwicklung: weil die Schule versagt?: Untersuchungen zum Ferieneffekt in Deutschland. Waxmann Verlag.

Thompson, J., Herman, G. L., Scheponik, T., Golaszewski, E., Sherman, A. T., Delatte, D., ... & Oliva, L. (2018). Student misconceptions about cybersecurity concepts: Analysis of student think-a-loud interviews. Journal of cyber security, 1(5).

Von Hippel, P. T., Hamrock, C. (2019). Do Test Score Gaps Grow Before, During, or Between the School Years? Measurement Artifacts and What We Can Know in Spite of Them. Sociological Science, vol. 6, 43-80. https://doi.org/10.15195/v6.a3

Zecca, L. (2019). Modelli di progettazione. In Nigris, E., Zecca, L. & Balconi, B. (a cura di), Dalla progettazione alla valutazione didattica. Milano: Pearson.

Zimmerman, B. J., & Pons, M. M. (1986). Development of a structured interview for assessing student use of self-regulated learning strategies. American educational research journal, 23(4), 614-628. https://doi.org/10.3102/00028312023004614

Published

2022-08-30

How to Cite

Passalacqua, F. (2022). Facing Summer Learning Loss: The Interview as an Educational Strategy within the Relationship among School and Community Partners. Formazione & Insegnamento, 20(2), 89–106. https://doi.org/10.7346/-fei-XX-02-22_07