Tra positivismo e “bancarotta della scienza”. Università e scuola, professori e maestri

Abstract

Although Neo-idealistic critic underestimated it for a long time, italian Positivism is very interesting for a variety of reasons: its aim of modernize Italian society through science, its fight against ignorance and illiteracy, its contribution to the development of Italian school and technical-scientifical culture, never disregarding classical studies.
By the end of 19th century, however, the positivistic conception of human experience ad an empirical “fact” will collapse because of the criticism put forward by philosophical schools such as Spiritualism, Pragmatism, Neo-Idealism, Neo-Kantism, nationalism and modernism.