Uma questão antiga: vozes em prol do ensino rural na passagem do século XIX para o XX

Abstract

This study analyzes from a historical point of wiew the genealogy of differentiation between rural school and urban school. A present theme in what should have been the “First Education Congress” in Rio de Janeiro in 1883, the teaching in rural municipalities was the target of the opinions sent by John Barbalho Uchôa Cavalcanti, Amaro Cavalcanti and Antonio Bahia da
Silva Araújo. The passage from one political system to another with the advent of the Republic Proclamation did not change the reality faced by the rural population in the access to elementary school. In addition to the precariousness of facilities and training of their teachers, combined with shortages of primary schools in rural areas, the teaching concepts ranged between of the school models widespread in urban centers and other specific model for the countryside.