Special Pedagogy and Artificial Intelligence: a digital humanism for inclusive education

Abstract

This paper aims to investigate the potential and critical aspects of using artificial intelligence (AI) in education, with particular reference to special pedagogy and inclusive education. In a polarized media context—oscillating between catastrophic visions and functionalist approaches—this study focuses on the necessity of reaffirming human primacy over technological tools by promoting a digital humanism (Scuotto, V. et al. 2023). Through an interdisciplinary analysis and a critical literature review, the paper explores how AI can serve as a support tool for educational action, enhancing individual potential and guaranteeing the inalienable rights of the person, especially for the most vulnerable groups. Ethical aspects and implications for the training of educators and teachers are also discussed, with the aim of outlining a research roadmap for special pedagogy in relation to ongoing technological transformations.