If you don't obey, you will lose your life...: the representation of gender violence in classic fairy tales between historical itineraries and pedagogical reflections

Abstract

Classic fairy tales often portray passive and subordinate female figures, limited to beauty and obedience. However, 20th-century children's literature introduced strong and independent protagonists, challenging these traditional models. Through the analysis of emblematic fairy tales, the article intends to highlight the different forms of violence, both physical and psychological, suffered by female characters, who are often marginalised, denied or even brutalised. The aim is to raise awareness of the importance of a critical reading of these texts, encouraging reflection on the implications of such representations. Even in the classic fairy tale, the element of 'evil', the macabre and violence, is not intended to encourage behaviour, nor to console or edify. On the contrary, it gives voice to the complexity of the human without being afraid to represent even the deepest contradictions, forcing one to come to terms with the most unspeakable features of life and society. In this sense, even traditional fairy tales can be educational tools if well used.